Conversion Table

The following table provides details on how Pydantic converts data during validation in both strict and lax modes.

The “Strict” column contains checkmarks for type conversions that are allowed when validating in Strict Mode.

All

Field Type	Input	Strict	Input Source	Conditions
bool	bool	✓	Python & JSON
bool	bytes		Python	Same allowed values as for str. Assumes UTF-8.
bool	float		Python & JSON	Allowed values: 0.0, 1.0.
bool	int		Python & JSON	Allowed values: 0, 1.
bool	str		Python & JSON	Case-insensitive. Allowed values: '0', 'off', 'f', 'false', 'n', 'no', '1', 'on', 't', 'true', 'y', 'yes'.
bool	Decimal		Python	Allowed values: Decimal(0), Decimal(1).
bytes	bytearray		Python
bytes	bytes	✓	Python
bytes	str	✓	JSON	Decoded according to the val_json_bytes setting (UTF-8 by default).
bytes	str		Python	Decoded according to the val_json_bytes setting (UTF-8 by default).
callable	-		JSON	Never valid.
callable	Any	✓	Python	callable() check must return True.
complex	complex	✓	Python
complex	float		Python & JSON
complex	int		Python & JSON
complex	str	✓	JSON	Must be a valid complex string, e.g. 1+2j.
complex	str		Python	Must be a valid complex string, e.g. 1+2j.
complex	Decimal		Python
date	bytes		Python	Format: YYYY-MM-DD, a datetime with a zero time component, or a unix timestamp. Must be exact date. See speedate. Assumes UTF-8.
date	date	✓	Python
date	datetime		Python	Must be exact date, eg. no H, M, S, f.
date	float		Python & JSON	Interpreted as seconds or milliseconds from epoch, depending on the val_temporal_unit setting. Must be exact date.
date	int		Python & JSON	Interpreted as seconds or milliseconds from epoch, depending on the val_temporal_unit setting. Must be exact date.
date	str	✓	JSON	Format: YYYY-MM-DD, or a unix timestamp. Must be exact date.
date	str		Python & JSON	Format: YYYY-MM-DD, a datetime with a zero time component, or a unix timestamp. Must be exact date. See speedate.
date	Decimal		Python	Interpreted as seconds or milliseconds from epoch, depending on the val_temporal_unit setting. Must be exact date.
datetime	bytes		Python	Format: YYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SS.f, YYYY-MM-DD, or a unix timestamp. See speedate. Assumes UTF-8.
datetime	date		Python
datetime	datetime	✓	Python
datetime	float		Python & JSON	Interpreted as seconds or milliseconds from epoch, depending on the val_temporal_unit setting.
datetime	int		Python & JSON	Interpreted as seconds or milliseconds from epoch, depending on the val_temporal_unit setting.
datetime	str	✓	JSON	Format: YYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SS.f, or a unix timestamp. See speedate.
datetime	str		Python & JSON	Format: YYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SS.f, YYYY-MM-DD, or a unix timestamp. See speedate.
datetime	Decimal		Python	Interpreted as seconds or milliseconds from epoch, depending on the val_temporal_unit setting.
deque	deque	✓	Python
deque	frozenset		Python
deque	list		Python
deque	set		Python
deque	tuple		Python
deque	Array	✓	JSON
deque	Iterable		Python	Any iterable except str, bytes, bytearray, dict and mappings, e.g. generators.
dict	dict	✓	Python
dict	Mapping		Python	Must implement the mapping interface and have an items() method.
dict	Object	✓	JSON
float	bool		Python & JSON
float	bytes		Python	Must be a valid float, e.g. 3.141, 1e3 or inf. Leading and trailing whitespace and underscores are allowed. Assumes UTF-8.
float	float	✓	Python & JSON	bool is explicitly forbidden.
float	int	✓	Python & JSON
float	str		Python & JSON	Must be a valid float, e.g. 3.141, 1e3 or inf. Leading and trailing whitespace and underscores are allowed.
float	Any	✓	Python	Must implement __float__() or __index__().
float	Decimal	✓	Python
float	Fraction	✓	Python
frozendict	dict		Python	frozendict is only available in Python 3.15 and above.
frozendict	frozendict	✓	Python	frozendict is only available in Python 3.15 and above.
frozendict	Mapping		Python	frozendict is only available in Python 3.15 and above. The input must implement the mapping interface and have an items() method.
frozendict	Object	✓	JSON	frozendict is only available in Python 3.15 and above.
frozenset	deque		Python
frozenset	dict_keys		Python
frozenset	dict_values		Python
frozenset	frozenset	✓	Python
frozenset	list		Python
frozenset	set		Python
frozenset	tuple		Python
frozenset	Array	✓	JSON
frozenset	Iterable		Python	Any iterable except str, bytes, bytearray, dict and mappings, e.g. generators.
int	bool		Python & JSON
int	bytes		Python	Must be a valid integer, e.g. 123. Leading and trailing whitespace, underscores and a zero fractional part (e.g. 1.0) are allowed. Assumes UTF-8.
int	float		Python & JSON	Must be exact int, e.g. val % 1 == 0, raises error for nan, inf.
int	int	✓	Python & JSON	bool is explicitly forbidden.
int	str		Python & JSON	Must be a valid integer, e.g. 123. Leading and trailing whitespace, underscores and a zero fractional part (e.g. 1.0) are allowed.
int	Decimal		Python	Must be exact int, e.g. val % 1 == 0.
int	Enum		Python	Uses the value of the enum member.
int	Fraction		Python	Must be exact int, e.g. val % 1 == 0.
list	deque		Python
list	dict_keys		Python
list	dict_values		Python
list	frozenset		Python
list	list	✓	Python
list	set		Python
list	tuple		Python
list	Array	✓	JSON
list	Iterable		Python	Any iterable except str, bytes, bytearray, dict and mappings, e.g. generators.
namedtuple	dict	✓	Python
namedtuple	list	✓	Python
namedtuple	namedtuple	✓	Python
namedtuple	tuple	✓	Python
namedtuple	Array	✓	JSON
namedtuple	Iterable	✓	Python	Any iterable except str, bytes, bytearray, dict and mappings, e.g. generators.
namedtuple	Mapping	✓	Python	Must implement the mapping interface and have an items() method.
namedtuple	NamedTuple	✓	Python
namedtuple	Object	✓	JSON
set	deque		Python
set	dict_keys		Python
set	dict_values		Python
set	frozenset		Python
set	list		Python
set	set	✓	Python
set	tuple		Python
set	Array	✓	JSON
set	Iterable		Python	Any iterable except str, bytes, bytearray, dict and mappings, e.g. generators.
str	bytearray		Python	Assumes UTF-8, error on unicode decoding error.
str	bytes		Python	Assumes UTF-8, error on unicode decoding error.
str	float		Python & JSON	Only if coerce_numbers_to_str is enabled.
str	int		Python & JSON	Only if coerce_numbers_to_str is enabled.
str	str	✓	Python & JSON
str	Decimal		Python	Only if coerce_numbers_to_str is enabled.
str	Enum		Python	Uses the value of the enum member.
time	bytes		Python	Format: HH:MM[:SS[.FFFFFF]], with an optional timezone offset. See speedate. Assumes UTF-8.
time	float		Python & JSON	Interpreted as seconds, range 0 - 86399.9*.
time	int		Python & JSON	Interpreted as seconds, range 0 - 86399.
time	str	✓	JSON	Format: HH:MM[:SS[.FFFFFF]], with an optional timezone offset. See speedate.
time	str		Python & JSON	Format: HH:MM[:SS[.FFFFFF]], with an optional timezone offset. See speedate.
time	time	✓	Python
time	Decimal		Python	Interpreted as seconds, range 0 - 86399.9*.
timedelta	bytes		Python	Format: ISO8601. See speedate, (UTF-8).
timedelta	float		Python & JSON	Interpreted as seconds.
timedelta	int		Python & JSON	Interpreted as seconds.
timedelta	str	✓	JSON	Format: ISO8601. See speedate.
timedelta	str		Python & JSON	Format: ISO8601. See speedate.
timedelta	timedelta	✓	Python
timedelta	Decimal		Python	Interpreted as seconds.
tuple	deque		Python
tuple	dict_keys		Python
tuple	dict_values		Python
tuple	frozenset		Python
tuple	list		Python
tuple	set		Python
tuple	tuple	✓	Python
tuple	Array	✓	JSON
tuple	Iterable		Python	Any iterable except str, bytes, bytearray, dict and mappings, e.g. generators.
type	-		JSON	Never valid.
type	type	✓	Python
Any	Any	✓	Python & JSON
ByteSize	float		Python & JSON	Must be exact int, e.g. val % 1 == 0.
ByteSize	int	✓	Python & JSON
ByteSize	str	✓	Python & JSON
ByteSize	Decimal		Python	Must be exact int, e.g. val % 1 == 0.
Counter	dict		Python
Counter	Counter	✓	Python
Counter	Mapping		Python	Must implement the mapping interface and have an items() method.
Counter	Object	✓	JSON
Decimal	float	✓	JSON
Decimal	float		Python & JSON
Decimal	int	✓	JSON
Decimal	int		Python & JSON
Decimal	str	✓	JSON
Decimal	str		Python & JSON	Must be a valid decimal, e.g. 3.141 or 1e3. Leading and trailing whitespace and underscores are allowed.
Decimal	tuple		Python	Decimal tuple form, e.g. (0, (1, 4, 1), -2).
Decimal	Decimal	✓	Python
Enum	Any	✓	JSON	Input value must be convertible to enum values.
Enum	Any		Python	Input value must be convertible to enum values.
Enum	Enum	✓	Python
Fraction	float	✓	JSON
Fraction	float		Python
Fraction	int	✓	JSON
Fraction	int		Python
Fraction	str	✓	JSON	Must be a valid fraction, e.g. 1/3 or 0.5.
Fraction	str		Python	Must be a valid fraction, e.g. 1/3 or 0.5.
Fraction	Decimal		Python
Fraction	Fraction	✓	Python
Hashable	Any	✓	Python & JSON	isinstance() check against Hashable must return True.
IPv4Address	bytes		Python
IPv4Address	int		Python & JSON	integer representing the IP address, must be less than 2**32
IPv4Address	str	✓	JSON
IPv4Address	str		Python & JSON
IPv4Address	IPv4Address	✓	Python
IPv4Address	IPv4Interface	✓	Python
IPv4Interface	bytes		Python
IPv4Interface	int		Python & JSON	integer representing the IP address, must be less than 2**32
IPv4Interface	str	✓	JSON
IPv4Interface	str		Python & JSON
IPv4Interface	tuple		Python
IPv4Interface	IPv4Address		Python
IPv4Interface	IPv4Interface	✓	Python
IPv4Interface	IPv4Network		Python
IPv4Network	bytes		Python
IPv4Network	int		Python & JSON	integer representing the IP network, must be less than 2**32
IPv4Network	str	✓	JSON	Host bits must be zero.
IPv4Network	str		Python & JSON	Host bits must be zero.
IPv4Network	tuple		Python	Host bits must be zero.
IPv4Network	IPv4Address		Python
IPv4Network	IPv4Interface		Python	Host bits must be zero.
IPv4Network	IPv4Network	✓	Python
IPv6Address	bytes		Python
IPv6Address	int		Python & JSON	integer representing the IP address, must be less than 2**128
IPv6Address	str	✓	JSON
IPv6Address	str		Python & JSON
IPv6Address	IPv6Address	✓	Python
IPv6Address	IPv6Interface	✓	Python
IPv6Interface	bytes		Python
IPv6Interface	int		Python & JSON	integer representing the IP address, must be less than 2**128
IPv6Interface	str	✓	JSON
IPv6Interface	str		Python & JSON
IPv6Interface	tuple		Python
IPv6Interface	IPv6Address		Python
IPv6Interface	IPv6Interface	✓	Python
IPv6Interface	IPv6Network		Python
IPv6Network	bytes		Python
IPv6Network	int		Python & JSON	integer representing the IP address, must be less than 2**128
IPv6Network	str	✓	JSON	Host bits must be zero.
IPv6Network	str		Python & JSON	Host bits must be zero.
IPv6Network	tuple		Python	Host bits must be zero.
IPv6Network	IPv6Address		Python
IPv6Network	IPv6Interface		Python	Host bits must be zero.
IPv6Network	IPv6Network	✓	Python
InstanceOf	Any	✓	JSON	Validated as the wrapped type.
InstanceOf	Any	✓	Python	isinstance() check must return True.
IntEnum	Any	✓	JSON	Input value must be one of the enum values, without type coercion.
IntEnum	Any		Python	Input value must be convertible to enum values.
IntEnum	IntEnum	✓	Python
Iterable	Any	✓	Python	Any object for which iter() succeeds. Items are validated lazily.
Iterable	Array	✓	JSON
Literal	Any	✓	Python & JSON	Input must be equal to one of the literal values.
NamedTuple	dict	✓	Python
NamedTuple	list	✓	Python
NamedTuple	namedtuple	✓	Python
NamedTuple	tuple	✓	Python
NamedTuple	Array	✓	JSON
NamedTuple	Iterable	✓	Python	Any iterable except str, bytes, bytearray, dict and mappings, e.g. generators.
NamedTuple	Mapping	✓	Python	Must implement the mapping interface and have an items() method.
NamedTuple	NamedTuple	✓	Python
NamedTuple	Object	✓	JSON
None	None	✓	Python & JSON
OrderedDict	dict		Python
OrderedDict	Mapping		Python	Must implement the mapping interface and have an items() method.
OrderedDict	Object	✓	JSON
OrderedDict	OrderedDict	✓	Python
Path	str	✓	JSON
Path	str		Python
Path	Path	✓	Python
Pattern	bytes	✓	Python	Input must be a valid pattern. Not valid for Pattern[str].
Pattern	str	✓	Python & JSON	Input must be a valid pattern. Not valid for Pattern[bytes].
Pattern	Pattern	✓	Python	The pattern type (str or bytes) must match.
Sequence	deque		Python
Sequence	list	✓	Python
Sequence	tuple	✓	Python
Sequence	Array	✓	JSON
TypedDict	dict	✓	Python
TypedDict	Mapping		Python	Must implement the mapping interface and have an items() method.
TypedDict	Object	✓	JSON
UUID	bytes		Python	16 raw bytes, or a UTF-8 encoded UUID string.
UUID	str	✓	JSON
UUID	str		Python
UUID	UUID	✓	Python

JSON

Field Type	Input	Strict	Input Source	Conditions
bool	bool	✓	Python & JSON
bool	float		Python & JSON	Allowed values: 0.0, 1.0.
bool	int		Python & JSON	Allowed values: 0, 1.
bool	str		Python & JSON	Case-insensitive. Allowed values: '0', 'off', 'f', 'false', 'n', 'no', '1', 'on', 't', 'true', 'y', 'yes'.
bytes	str	✓	JSON	Decoded according to the val_json_bytes setting (UTF-8 by default).
callable	-		JSON	Never valid.
complex	float		Python & JSON
complex	int		Python & JSON
complex	str	✓	JSON	Must be a valid complex string, e.g. 1+2j.
date	float		Python & JSON	Interpreted as seconds or milliseconds from epoch, depending on the val_temporal_unit setting. Must be exact date.
date	int		Python & JSON	Interpreted as seconds or milliseconds from epoch, depending on the val_temporal_unit setting. Must be exact date.
date	str	✓	JSON	Format: YYYY-MM-DD, or a unix timestamp. Must be exact date.
date	str		Python & JSON	Format: YYYY-MM-DD, a datetime with a zero time component, or a unix timestamp. Must be exact date. See speedate.
datetime	float		Python & JSON	Interpreted as seconds or milliseconds from epoch, depending on the val_temporal_unit setting.
datetime	int		Python & JSON	Interpreted as seconds or milliseconds from epoch, depending on the val_temporal_unit setting.
datetime	str	✓	JSON	Format: YYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SS.f, or a unix timestamp. See speedate.
datetime	str		Python & JSON	Format: YYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SS.f, YYYY-MM-DD, or a unix timestamp. See speedate.
deque	Array	✓	JSON
dict	Object	✓	JSON
float	bool		Python & JSON
float	float	✓	Python & JSON	bool is explicitly forbidden.
float	int	✓	Python & JSON
float	str		Python & JSON	Must be a valid float, e.g. 3.141, 1e3 or inf. Leading and trailing whitespace and underscores are allowed.
frozendict	Object	✓	JSON	frozendict is only available in Python 3.15 and above.
frozenset	Array	✓	JSON
int	bool		Python & JSON
int	float		Python & JSON	Must be exact int, e.g. val % 1 == 0, raises error for nan, inf.
int	int	✓	Python & JSON	bool is explicitly forbidden.
int	str		Python & JSON	Must be a valid integer, e.g. 123. Leading and trailing whitespace, underscores and a zero fractional part (e.g. 1.0) are allowed.
list	Array	✓	JSON
namedtuple	Array	✓	JSON
namedtuple	Object	✓	JSON
set	Array	✓	JSON
str	float		Python & JSON	Only if coerce_numbers_to_str is enabled.
str	int		Python & JSON	Only if coerce_numbers_to_str is enabled.
str	str	✓	Python & JSON
time	float		Python & JSON	Interpreted as seconds, range 0 - 86399.9*.
time	int		Python & JSON	Interpreted as seconds, range 0 - 86399.
time	str	✓	JSON	Format: HH:MM[:SS[.FFFFFF]], with an optional timezone offset. See speedate.
time	str		Python & JSON	Format: HH:MM[:SS[.FFFFFF]], with an optional timezone offset. See speedate.
timedelta	float		Python & JSON	Interpreted as seconds.
timedelta	int		Python & JSON	Interpreted as seconds.
timedelta	str	✓	JSON	Format: ISO8601. See speedate.
timedelta	str		Python & JSON	Format: ISO8601. See speedate.
tuple	Array	✓	JSON
type	-		JSON	Never valid.
Any	Any	✓	Python & JSON
ByteSize	float		Python & JSON	Must be exact int, e.g. val % 1 == 0.
ByteSize	int	✓	Python & JSON
ByteSize	str	✓	Python & JSON
Counter	Object	✓	JSON
Decimal	float	✓	JSON
Decimal	float		Python & JSON
Decimal	int	✓	JSON
Decimal	int		Python & JSON
Decimal	str	✓	JSON
Decimal	str		Python & JSON	Must be a valid decimal, e.g. 3.141 or 1e3. Leading and trailing whitespace and underscores are allowed.
Enum	Any	✓	JSON	Input value must be convertible to enum values.
Fraction	float	✓	JSON
Fraction	int	✓	JSON
Fraction	str	✓	JSON	Must be a valid fraction, e.g. 1/3 or 0.5.
Hashable	Any	✓	Python & JSON	isinstance() check against Hashable must return True.
IPv4Address	int		Python & JSON	integer representing the IP address, must be less than 2**32
IPv4Address	str	✓	JSON
IPv4Address	str		Python & JSON
IPv4Interface	int		Python & JSON	integer representing the IP address, must be less than 2**32
IPv4Interface	str	✓	JSON
IPv4Interface	str		Python & JSON
IPv4Network	int		Python & JSON	integer representing the IP network, must be less than 2**32
IPv4Network	str	✓	JSON	Host bits must be zero.
IPv4Network	str		Python & JSON	Host bits must be zero.
IPv6Address	int		Python & JSON	integer representing the IP address, must be less than 2**128
IPv6Address	str	✓	JSON
IPv6Address	str		Python & JSON
IPv6Interface	int		Python & JSON	integer representing the IP address, must be less than 2**128
IPv6Interface	str	✓	JSON
IPv6Interface	str		Python & JSON
IPv6Network	int		Python & JSON	integer representing the IP address, must be less than 2**128
IPv6Network	str	✓	JSON	Host bits must be zero.
IPv6Network	str		Python & JSON	Host bits must be zero.
InstanceOf	Any	✓	JSON	Validated as the wrapped type.
IntEnum	Any	✓	JSON	Input value must be one of the enum values, without type coercion.
Iterable	Array	✓	JSON
Literal	Any	✓	Python & JSON	Input must be equal to one of the literal values.
NamedTuple	Array	✓	JSON
NamedTuple	Object	✓	JSON
None	None	✓	Python & JSON
OrderedDict	Object	✓	JSON
Path	str	✓	JSON
Pattern	str	✓	Python & JSON	Input must be a valid pattern. Not valid for Pattern[bytes].
Sequence	Array	✓	JSON
TypedDict	Object	✓	JSON
UUID	str	✓	JSON

JSON - Strict

Field Type	Input	Strict	Input Source	Conditions
bool	bool	✓	Python & JSON
bytes	str	✓	JSON	Decoded according to the val_json_bytes setting (UTF-8 by default).
complex	str	✓	JSON	Must be a valid complex string, e.g. 1+2j.
date	str	✓	JSON	Format: YYYY-MM-DD, or a unix timestamp. Must be exact date.
datetime	str	✓	JSON	Format: YYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SS.f, or a unix timestamp. See speedate.
deque	Array	✓	JSON
dict	Object	✓	JSON
float	float	✓	Python & JSON	bool is explicitly forbidden.
float	int	✓	Python & JSON
frozendict	Object	✓	JSON	frozendict is only available in Python 3.15 and above.
frozenset	Array	✓	JSON
int	int	✓	Python & JSON	bool is explicitly forbidden.
list	Array	✓	JSON
namedtuple	Array	✓	JSON
namedtuple	Object	✓	JSON
set	Array	✓	JSON
str	str	✓	Python & JSON
time	str	✓	JSON	Format: HH:MM[:SS[.FFFFFF]], with an optional timezone offset. See speedate.
timedelta	str	✓	JSON	Format: ISO8601. See speedate.
tuple	Array	✓	JSON
Any	Any	✓	Python & JSON
ByteSize	int	✓	Python & JSON
ByteSize	str	✓	Python & JSON
Counter	Object	✓	JSON
Decimal	float	✓	JSON
Decimal	int	✓	JSON
Decimal	str	✓	JSON
Enum	Any	✓	JSON	Input value must be convertible to enum values.
Fraction	float	✓	JSON
Fraction	int	✓	JSON
Fraction	str	✓	JSON	Must be a valid fraction, e.g. 1/3 or 0.5.
Hashable	Any	✓	Python & JSON	isinstance() check against Hashable must return True.
IPv4Address	str	✓	JSON
IPv4Interface	str	✓	JSON
IPv4Network	str	✓	JSON	Host bits must be zero.
IPv6Address	str	✓	JSON
IPv6Interface	str	✓	JSON
IPv6Network	str	✓	JSON	Host bits must be zero.
InstanceOf	Any	✓	JSON	Validated as the wrapped type.
IntEnum	Any	✓	JSON	Input value must be one of the enum values, without type coercion.
Iterable	Array	✓	JSON
Literal	Any	✓	Python & JSON	Input must be equal to one of the literal values.
NamedTuple	Array	✓	JSON
NamedTuple	Object	✓	JSON
None	None	✓	Python & JSON
OrderedDict	Object	✓	JSON
Path	str	✓	JSON
Pattern	str	✓	Python & JSON	Input must be a valid pattern. Not valid for Pattern[bytes].
Sequence	Array	✓	JSON
TypedDict	Object	✓	JSON
UUID	str	✓	JSON

Python

Field Type	Input	Strict	Input Source	Conditions
bool	bool	✓	Python & JSON
bool	bytes		Python	Same allowed values as for str. Assumes UTF-8.
bool	float		Python & JSON	Allowed values: 0.0, 1.0.
bool	int		Python & JSON	Allowed values: 0, 1.
bool	str		Python & JSON	Case-insensitive. Allowed values: '0', 'off', 'f', 'false', 'n', 'no', '1', 'on', 't', 'true', 'y', 'yes'.
bool	Decimal		Python	Allowed values: Decimal(0), Decimal(1).
bytes	bytearray		Python
bytes	bytes	✓	Python
bytes	str		Python	Decoded according to the val_json_bytes setting (UTF-8 by default).
callable	Any	✓	Python	callable() check must return True.
complex	complex	✓	Python
complex	float		Python & JSON
complex	int		Python & JSON
complex	str		Python	Must be a valid complex string, e.g. 1+2j.
complex	Decimal		Python
date	bytes		Python	Format: YYYY-MM-DD, a datetime with a zero time component, or a unix timestamp. Must be exact date. See speedate. Assumes UTF-8.
date	date	✓	Python
date	datetime		Python	Must be exact date, eg. no H, M, S, f.
date	float		Python & JSON	Interpreted as seconds or milliseconds from epoch, depending on the val_temporal_unit setting. Must be exact date.
date	int		Python & JSON	Interpreted as seconds or milliseconds from epoch, depending on the val_temporal_unit setting. Must be exact date.
date	str		Python & JSON	Format: YYYY-MM-DD, a datetime with a zero time component, or a unix timestamp. Must be exact date. See speedate.
date	Decimal		Python	Interpreted as seconds or milliseconds from epoch, depending on the val_temporal_unit setting. Must be exact date.
datetime	bytes		Python	Format: YYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SS.f, YYYY-MM-DD, or a unix timestamp. See speedate. Assumes UTF-8.
datetime	date		Python
datetime	datetime	✓	Python
datetime	float		Python & JSON	Interpreted as seconds or milliseconds from epoch, depending on the val_temporal_unit setting.
datetime	int		Python & JSON	Interpreted as seconds or milliseconds from epoch, depending on the val_temporal_unit setting.
datetime	str		Python & JSON	Format: YYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SS.f, YYYY-MM-DD, or a unix timestamp. See speedate.
datetime	Decimal		Python	Interpreted as seconds or milliseconds from epoch, depending on the val_temporal_unit setting.
deque	deque	✓	Python
deque	frozenset		Python
deque	list		Python
deque	set		Python
deque	tuple		Python
deque	Iterable		Python	Any iterable except str, bytes, bytearray, dict and mappings, e.g. generators.
dict	dict	✓	Python
dict	Mapping		Python	Must implement the mapping interface and have an items() method.
float	bool		Python & JSON
float	bytes		Python	Must be a valid float, e.g. 3.141, 1e3 or inf. Leading and trailing whitespace and underscores are allowed. Assumes UTF-8.
float	float	✓	Python & JSON	bool is explicitly forbidden.
float	int	✓	Python & JSON
float	str		Python & JSON	Must be a valid float, e.g. 3.141, 1e3 or inf. Leading and trailing whitespace and underscores are allowed.
float	Any	✓	Python	Must implement __float__() or __index__().
float	Decimal	✓	Python
float	Fraction	✓	Python
frozendict	dict		Python	frozendict is only available in Python 3.15 and above.
frozendict	frozendict	✓	Python	frozendict is only available in Python 3.15 and above.
frozendict	Mapping		Python	frozendict is only available in Python 3.15 and above. The input must implement the mapping interface and have an items() method.
frozenset	deque		Python
frozenset	dict_keys		Python
frozenset	dict_values		Python
frozenset	frozenset	✓	Python
frozenset	list		Python
frozenset	set		Python
frozenset	tuple		Python
frozenset	Iterable		Python	Any iterable except str, bytes, bytearray, dict and mappings, e.g. generators.
int	bool		Python & JSON
int	bytes		Python	Must be a valid integer, e.g. 123. Leading and trailing whitespace, underscores and a zero fractional part (e.g. 1.0) are allowed. Assumes UTF-8.
int	float		Python & JSON	Must be exact int, e.g. val % 1 == 0, raises error for nan, inf.
int	int	✓	Python & JSON	bool is explicitly forbidden.
int	str		Python & JSON	Must be a valid integer, e.g. 123. Leading and trailing whitespace, underscores and a zero fractional part (e.g. 1.0) are allowed.
int	Decimal		Python	Must be exact int, e.g. val % 1 == 0.
int	Enum		Python	Uses the value of the enum member.
int	Fraction		Python	Must be exact int, e.g. val % 1 == 0.
list	deque		Python
list	dict_keys		Python
list	dict_values		Python
list	frozenset		Python
list	list	✓	Python
list	set		Python
list	tuple		Python
list	Iterable		Python	Any iterable except str, bytes, bytearray, dict and mappings, e.g. generators.
namedtuple	dict	✓	Python
namedtuple	list	✓	Python
namedtuple	namedtuple	✓	Python
namedtuple	tuple	✓	Python
namedtuple	Iterable	✓	Python	Any iterable except str, bytes, bytearray, dict and mappings, e.g. generators.
namedtuple	Mapping	✓	Python	Must implement the mapping interface and have an items() method.
namedtuple	NamedTuple	✓	Python
set	deque		Python
set	dict_keys		Python
set	dict_values		Python
set	frozenset		Python
set	list		Python
set	set	✓	Python
set	tuple		Python
set	Iterable		Python	Any iterable except str, bytes, bytearray, dict and mappings, e.g. generators.
str	bytearray		Python	Assumes UTF-8, error on unicode decoding error.
str	bytes		Python	Assumes UTF-8, error on unicode decoding error.
str	float		Python & JSON	Only if coerce_numbers_to_str is enabled.
str	int		Python & JSON	Only if coerce_numbers_to_str is enabled.
str	str	✓	Python & JSON
str	Decimal		Python	Only if coerce_numbers_to_str is enabled.
str	Enum		Python	Uses the value of the enum member.
time	bytes		Python	Format: HH:MM[:SS[.FFFFFF]], with an optional timezone offset. See speedate. Assumes UTF-8.
time	float		Python & JSON	Interpreted as seconds, range 0 - 86399.9*.
time	int		Python & JSON	Interpreted as seconds, range 0 - 86399.
time	str		Python & JSON	Format: HH:MM[:SS[.FFFFFF]], with an optional timezone offset. See speedate.
time	time	✓	Python
time	Decimal		Python	Interpreted as seconds, range 0 - 86399.9*.
timedelta	bytes		Python	Format: ISO8601. See speedate, (UTF-8).
timedelta	float		Python & JSON	Interpreted as seconds.
timedelta	int		Python & JSON	Interpreted as seconds.
timedelta	str		Python & JSON	Format: ISO8601. See speedate.
timedelta	timedelta	✓	Python
timedelta	Decimal		Python	Interpreted as seconds.
tuple	deque		Python
tuple	dict_keys		Python
tuple	dict_values		Python
tuple	frozenset		Python
tuple	list		Python
tuple	set		Python
tuple	tuple	✓	Python
tuple	Iterable		Python	Any iterable except str, bytes, bytearray, dict and mappings, e.g. generators.
type	type	✓	Python
Any	Any	✓	Python & JSON
ByteSize	float		Python & JSON	Must be exact int, e.g. val % 1 == 0.
ByteSize	int	✓	Python & JSON
ByteSize	str	✓	Python & JSON
ByteSize	Decimal		Python	Must be exact int, e.g. val % 1 == 0.
Counter	dict		Python
Counter	Counter	✓	Python
Counter	Mapping		Python	Must implement the mapping interface and have an items() method.
Decimal	float		Python & JSON
Decimal	int		Python & JSON
Decimal	str		Python & JSON	Must be a valid decimal, e.g. 3.141 or 1e3. Leading and trailing whitespace and underscores are allowed.
Decimal	tuple		Python	Decimal tuple form, e.g. (0, (1, 4, 1), -2).
Decimal	Decimal	✓	Python
Enum	Any		Python	Input value must be convertible to enum values.
Enum	Enum	✓	Python
Fraction	float		Python
Fraction	int		Python
Fraction	str		Python	Must be a valid fraction, e.g. 1/3 or 0.5.
Fraction	Decimal		Python
Fraction	Fraction	✓	Python
Hashable	Any	✓	Python & JSON	isinstance() check against Hashable must return True.
IPv4Address	bytes		Python
IPv4Address	int		Python & JSON	integer representing the IP address, must be less than 2**32
IPv4Address	str		Python & JSON
IPv4Address	IPv4Address	✓	Python
IPv4Address	IPv4Interface	✓	Python
IPv4Interface	bytes		Python
IPv4Interface	int		Python & JSON	integer representing the IP address, must be less than 2**32
IPv4Interface	str		Python & JSON
IPv4Interface	tuple		Python
IPv4Interface	IPv4Address		Python
IPv4Interface	IPv4Interface	✓	Python
IPv4Interface	IPv4Network		Python
IPv4Network	bytes		Python
IPv4Network	int		Python & JSON	integer representing the IP network, must be less than 2**32
IPv4Network	str		Python & JSON	Host bits must be zero.
IPv4Network	tuple		Python	Host bits must be zero.
IPv4Network	IPv4Address		Python
IPv4Network	IPv4Interface		Python	Host bits must be zero.
IPv4Network	IPv4Network	✓	Python
IPv6Address	bytes		Python
IPv6Address	int		Python & JSON	integer representing the IP address, must be less than 2**128
IPv6Address	str		Python & JSON
IPv6Address	IPv6Address	✓	Python
IPv6Address	IPv6Interface	✓	Python
IPv6Interface	bytes		Python
IPv6Interface	int		Python & JSON	integer representing the IP address, must be less than 2**128
IPv6Interface	str		Python & JSON
IPv6Interface	tuple		Python
IPv6Interface	IPv6Address		Python
IPv6Interface	IPv6Interface	✓	Python
IPv6Interface	IPv6Network		Python
IPv6Network	bytes		Python
IPv6Network	int		Python & JSON	integer representing the IP address, must be less than 2**128
IPv6Network	str		Python & JSON	Host bits must be zero.
IPv6Network	tuple		Python	Host bits must be zero.
IPv6Network	IPv6Address		Python
IPv6Network	IPv6Interface		Python	Host bits must be zero.
IPv6Network	IPv6Network	✓	Python
InstanceOf	Any	✓	Python	isinstance() check must return True.
IntEnum	Any		Python	Input value must be convertible to enum values.
IntEnum	IntEnum	✓	Python
Iterable	Any	✓	Python	Any object for which iter() succeeds. Items are validated lazily.
Literal	Any	✓	Python & JSON	Input must be equal to one of the literal values.
NamedTuple	dict	✓	Python
NamedTuple	list	✓	Python
NamedTuple	namedtuple	✓	Python
NamedTuple	tuple	✓	Python
NamedTuple	Iterable	✓	Python	Any iterable except str, bytes, bytearray, dict and mappings, e.g. generators.
NamedTuple	Mapping	✓	Python	Must implement the mapping interface and have an items() method.
NamedTuple	NamedTuple	✓	Python
None	None	✓	Python & JSON
OrderedDict	dict		Python
OrderedDict	Mapping		Python	Must implement the mapping interface and have an items() method.
OrderedDict	OrderedDict	✓	Python
Path	str		Python
Path	Path	✓	Python
Pattern	bytes	✓	Python	Input must be a valid pattern. Not valid for Pattern[str].
Pattern	str	✓	Python & JSON	Input must be a valid pattern. Not valid for Pattern[bytes].
Pattern	Pattern	✓	Python	The pattern type (str or bytes) must match.
Sequence	deque		Python
Sequence	list	✓	Python
Sequence	tuple	✓	Python
TypedDict	dict	✓	Python
TypedDict	Mapping		Python	Must implement the mapping interface and have an items() method.
UUID	bytes		Python	16 raw bytes, or a UTF-8 encoded UUID string.
UUID	str		Python
UUID	UUID	✓	Python

Python - Strict

Field Type	Input	Strict	Input Source	Conditions
bool	bool	✓	Python & JSON
bytes	bytes	✓	Python
callable	Any	✓	Python	callable() check must return True.
complex	complex	✓	Python
date	date	✓	Python
datetime	datetime	✓	Python
deque	deque	✓	Python
dict	dict	✓	Python
float	float	✓	Python & JSON	bool is explicitly forbidden.
float	int	✓	Python & JSON
float	Any	✓	Python	Must implement __float__() or __index__().
float	Decimal	✓	Python
float	Fraction	✓	Python
frozendict	frozendict	✓	Python	frozendict is only available in Python 3.15 and above.
frozenset	frozenset	✓	Python
int	int	✓	Python & JSON	bool is explicitly forbidden.
list	list	✓	Python
namedtuple	dict	✓	Python
namedtuple	list	✓	Python
namedtuple	namedtuple	✓	Python
namedtuple	tuple	✓	Python
namedtuple	Iterable	✓	Python	Any iterable except str, bytes, bytearray, dict and mappings, e.g. generators.
namedtuple	Mapping	✓	Python	Must implement the mapping interface and have an items() method.
namedtuple	NamedTuple	✓	Python
set	set	✓	Python
str	str	✓	Python & JSON
time	time	✓	Python
timedelta	timedelta	✓	Python
tuple	tuple	✓	Python
type	type	✓	Python
Any	Any	✓	Python & JSON
ByteSize	int	✓	Python & JSON
ByteSize	str	✓	Python & JSON
Counter	Counter	✓	Python
Decimal	Decimal	✓	Python
Enum	Enum	✓	Python
Fraction	Fraction	✓	Python
Hashable	Any	✓	Python & JSON	isinstance() check against Hashable must return True.
IPv4Address	IPv4Address	✓	Python
IPv4Address	IPv4Interface	✓	Python
IPv4Interface	IPv4Interface	✓	Python
IPv4Network	IPv4Network	✓	Python
IPv6Address	IPv6Address	✓	Python
IPv6Address	IPv6Interface	✓	Python
IPv6Interface	IPv6Interface	✓	Python
IPv6Network	IPv6Network	✓	Python
InstanceOf	Any	✓	Python	isinstance() check must return True.
IntEnum	IntEnum	✓	Python
Iterable	Any	✓	Python	Any object for which iter() succeeds. Items are validated lazily.
Literal	Any	✓	Python & JSON	Input must be equal to one of the literal values.
NamedTuple	dict	✓	Python
NamedTuple	list	✓	Python
NamedTuple	namedtuple	✓	Python
NamedTuple	tuple	✓	Python
NamedTuple	Iterable	✓	Python	Any iterable except str, bytes, bytearray, dict and mappings, e.g. generators.
NamedTuple	Mapping	✓	Python	Must implement the mapping interface and have an items() method.
NamedTuple	NamedTuple	✓	Python
None	None	✓	Python & JSON
OrderedDict	OrderedDict	✓	Python
Path	Path	✓	Python
Pattern	bytes	✓	Python	Input must be a valid pattern. Not valid for Pattern[str].
Pattern	str	✓	Python & JSON	Input must be a valid pattern. Not valid for Pattern[bytes].
Pattern	Pattern	✓	Python	The pattern type (str or bytes) must match.
Sequence	list	✓	Python
Sequence	tuple	✓	Python
TypedDict	dict	✓	Python
UUID	UUID	✓	Python